WHICH PARTY WILL MADE GOVT IN 2014 BJP OR CONGRESS

Saturday 8 December 2012

        What is Windows 8 xTreme: 

Windows 8 xTreme its a System based on Windows 7 F! Nal: 
- Windows 8 xTreme doesn't have any components removed from Original Windows 7 Image so you wont lose any compatibly with software, hardware or miss any stuff at all. plase click on linkhttp://canuhack.blogspot.in/search/label/Windows

Thursday 11 October 2012

HI FRIENDS TODAY I GIVE YOU SOME LINK THAT LINK YOU DOWNLOAD CRACKED VERSION OF SOFTWARE MANLY SOFTWARE YOU GATE BUT WHEN YOU USE ONE MOTH USE THAN PLEASE PURCHASE IT LINK I GIVE YOU HERE 

1.http://canuhack.blogspot.in/2012/09/internet-download-manager-612-build-21.html

2.http://freesoftwaresdownloadz.blogspot.in/

3 . FILE HIPPO AND CNET AND MANY OTHERS 

Friday 14 September 2012

FIFTH SEM SYLLABUS

NOW I ADD HERE MDU SYLLABUS OF 5TH SEM ENGINEERING
CSE-301 F
LTP
31-
Principles of Operating Work Systems
Class Work : 50 Marks
Exam : 100 Marks
Total : 150 Marks
Duration of Exam : 3 Hrs.
NOTE: For setting up the question paper, question no 1 will be set up from all the four
sections which will be compulsory and of short answer type. Two questions will be set from
each of the four sections. The students have to attempt first common question, which is
compulsory, and one question from each of the
four sections. Thus students will have to attempt 5 questions out of 9 questions.
Section-A
Introduction: Introduction to Operating System Concepts (including Multitasking,
multiprogramming, multi user, Multithreading etc)., Types of Operating Systems: Batch operating
system, Time-sharing systems, Distributed OS, Network OS, Real Time OS; Various Operating
system services, architecture, System programs and calls.
Process Management: Process concept, process scheduling, operation on processes; CPU
scheduling, scheduling criteria, scheduling algorithms -First Come First Serve (FCFS), Shortest-
Job-First (SJF), Priority Scheduling, Round Robin(RR), Multilevel Queue Scheduling.
Section-B
Memory Management: Logical & Physical Address Space, swapping, contiguous memory
allocation, non-contiguous memory allocation paging and segmentation techniques, segmentation
with paging; virtual memory management - Demand Paging & Page- Replacement Algorithms;
Demand Segmentation.
Section-C
File System: Different types of files and their access methods, directory structures, various
allocation methods, disk scheduling and management and its associated algorithms, Introduction to
distributed file system.
Process-Synchronization & Deadlocks: Critical Section Problems, semaphores; methods for
handling deadlocks-deadlock prevention, avoidance & detection; deadlock recovery.
Section-D
I/O Systems: I/O Hardware, Application I/O Interface, Kernel, Transforming I/O requests,
Performance Issues and Thresds .
Unix System And Windows NT Overview
Unix system call for processes and file system management, Shell interpreter, Windows NT
architecture overview, Windows NT file system.
Text Books:
1. Operating System Concepts by Silberchatz et al, 5 edition, 1998, Addison-Wesley.
2. Modern Operating Systems by A. Tanenbaum, 1992, Prentice-Hall.
3. Operating Systems Internals and Design Principles by William Stallings,4 edition, 2001,
Prentice-Hall.
Reference Books:
1. Operating System By Peterson , 1985, AW.
2. Operating System By Milankovic, 1990, TMH.
3. Operating System Incorporating With Unix & Windows By Colin Ritche, 1974, TMH.
4. Operating Systems by Mandrik & Donovan, TMH
5. Operating Systems By Deitel, 1990, AWL.
6. Operating Systems – Advanced Concepts By Mukesh Singhal , N.G. Shivaratri, 2003,
T.M.H
EE-309-F
L T P
3 1 -
MICROPROCESSORS AND INTERFACING
Theory : 100 Marks
Class work : 50 Marks
Total : 150 Marks
Duration of Exam : 3 Hours
NOTE: For setting up the question paper, Question No. 1 will be set up from all the four sections
which will be compulsory and of short answer type. Two questions will be set from each of the four
sections. The students have to attempt first common question, which is compulsory, and one question
from each of the four sections. Thus students will have to attempt 5 questions out of 9 questions.
Section A
THE 8085 PROCESSOR :
Introduction to microprocessor, 8085 microprocessor : Architecture, instruction set, interrupt
structure, and Assembly language programming.
Section B
THE 8086 MICROPROCESSOR ARCHITECTURE :
Architecture, block diagram of 8086, details of sub-blocks such as EU, BIU; memory
segmentation and physical address computations, program relocation, addressing modes,
instruction formats, pin diagram and description of various signals
Section C
INSTRUCTION SET OF 8086 :
Instruction execution timing, assembler instruction format, data transfer instructions, arithmetic
instructions, branch instructions, looping instructions, NOP and HLT instructions, flag
manipulation instructions, logical instructions, shift and rotate instructions, directives and
operators, programming examples.
Section D
INTERFACING DEVICE :
8255 Programmable peripheral interface, interfacing keyboard and seven segment display, 8254
(8253) programmable interval timer, 8259A programmable interrupt controller, Direct Memory
Access and 8237 DMA controller.
TEXT BOOKS :
1. Microprocessor Architecture, Programming & Applications with 8085 : Ramesh S Gaonkar;
Wiley Eastern Ltd.
2. The Intel Microprocessors 8086- Pentium processor : Brey; PHI
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Microprocessors and interfacing : Hall; TMH
2. The 8088 & 8086 Microprocessors-Programming, interfacing,Hardware & Applications
:Triebel & Singh; PHI
3. Microcomputer systems: the 8086/8088 Family: architecture, Programming & Design : Yu-
Chang Liu & Glenn A Gibson; PHI.
4. Advanced Microprocessors and Interfacing : Badri Ram; TM
CSE - 303 F
Computer Graphics
LTP
31-
Class Work : 50 Marks
Exam : 100 Marks
Total : 150 Marks
Duration of Exam : 3 Hrs.
NOTE: For setting up the question paper, question no 1 will be set up from all the four sections which
will be compulsory and of short answer type. Two questions will be set from each of the four sections.
The students have to attempt first common question, which is compulsory, and one question from
each of the four sections. Thus students will have to attempt 5 questions out of 9 questions.
Section-A
Introduction to Computer Graphics: What is Computer Graphics, Computer Graphics
Applications, Computer Graphics
Hardware and software, Two dimensional Graphics Primitives: Points and Lines, Line drawing
algorithms: DDA, Bresenham‟s; Circle drawing algorithms: Using polar coordinates, Bresenham‟s
circle drawing, mid point circle drawing algorithm; Filled area algorithms: Scanline: Polygon
filling algorithm, boundary filled algorithm.
Section-B
Two/Three Dimensional Viewing: The 2-D viewing pipeline, windows, viewports, window to
view port mapping; Clipping: point, clipping line (algorithms):- 4 bit code algorithm, Sutherland-
cohen algorithm, parametric line clipping algorithm (Cyrus Beck).
Polygon clipping algorithm: Sutherland-Hodgeman polygon clipping algorithm. Two dimensional
transformations:
transformations, translation, scaling, rotation, reflection, composite transformation.
Section-C
Three-dimensional transformations: Three dimensional graphics concept, Matrix representation
of 3-D Transformations, Composition of 3-D transformation.
Viewing in 3D: Projections, types of projections, the mathematics of planner geometric
projections, coordinate systems.
Hidden surface removal: Introduction to hidden surface removal. The Z- buffer algorithm,
scanline algorithm, area sub-division algorithm.
Section-D
Representing Curves and Surfaces: Parametric representation of curves: Bezier curves, B-Spline
curves. Parametric representation of surfaces; Interpolation method.
Illumination, shading, image manipulation: Illumination models, shading models for polygons,
shadows, transparency. What is an image? Filtering, image processing, geometric transformation of
images.
Text Books:
1. Computer Graphics Principles and Practices second edition by James D. Foley, Andeies van
Dam, Stevan K. Feiner and Johb F. Hughes, 2000, Addision Wesley.
2. Computer Graphics by Donald Hearn and M.Pauline Baker, 2 Edition, 1999, PHI.
Reference Books:
1. Procedural Elements for Computer Graphics – David F. Rogers, 2001, T.M.H Second
Edition
2. Fundamentals of 3Dimensional Computer Graphics by Alan Watt, 1999, Addision Wesley.
3. Computer Graphics: Secrets and Solutions by Corrign John, BPB
4. Graphics, GUI, Games & Multimedia Projects in C by Pilania & Mahendra, Standard Publ.
5. Computer Graphics Secrets and solutions by Corrign John, 1994, BPV
6. Introduction to Computer Graphics By N. Krishanmurthy T.M.H 2002
CSE-305 F
LTP
31-
Theory of Automata Computation
Class Work: 50 Marks
Exam : 100 Marks
Total: 150 Marks
Duration of Exam : 3 Hrs.
NOTE: For setting up the question paper, question no 1 will be set up from all the four sections which
will be compulsory and of short answer type. Two questions will be set from each of the four sections.
The students have to attempt first common question, which is compulsory, and one question from
each of the four sections. Thus students will have to attempt 5 questions out of 9 questions.
Section-A
Finite Automata and Regular Expressions: Finite State Systems, Basic Definitions Non-
Deterministic finite automata
(NDFA), Deterministic finite automata (DFA), Equivalence of DFA and NDFA Conversion of
NFA to DFA Finite automata with E- moves, Regular Expressions, Equivalence of finite automata
and Regular Expressions, Regular expression conversion and vice versa.
Introduction to Machines: Concept of basic Machine, Properties and limitations of FSM. Moore
and mealy Machines,
Equivalence of Moore and Mealy machines, state and prove Arden‟s Method.
Section-B
Properties of Regular Sets: The Pumping Lemma for Regular Sets, Applications of the pumping
lemma, Closure properties of regular sets, Myhill-Nerode Theorem and minimization of finite
Automata, Minimization Algorithm.
Grammars: Definition, Context free and Context sensitive grammar, Ambiguity regular grammar,
Reduced forms, Removal of useless Symbols, unit production and null production Chomsky
Normal Form (CNF), Griebach Normal Form (GNF).
Section-C
Pushdown Automata: Introduction to Pushdown Machines, Application of Pushdown Machines
Turing Machines: Deterministic and Non-Deterministic Turing Machines, Design of T.M, Halting
problem of T.M., PCP Problem.
Section-D
Chomsky Hierarchies: Chomsky hierarchies of grammars, Unrestricted grammars, Context
sensitive languages, Relation between languages of classes.
Computability: Basic concepts, Primitive Recursive Functions.
Text Book:
1. Introduction to automata theory, language & computations- Hopcroaft & O.D.Ullman, R
Mothwani, 2001, AW.
Reference Books:
1. Theory of Computer Sc.(Automata, Languages and computation):K.L.P.Mishra &
N.Chandrasekaran, 2000, PHI.
2. Introduction to formal Languages & Automata-Peter Linz, 2001, Narosa Publ..
3. Fundamentals of the Theory of Computation- Principles and Practice by RamondGreenlaw
and H. James Hoover, 1998, Harcourt India Pvt. Ltd..
4. Elements of theory of Computation by H.R. Lewis & C.H. Papaditriou, 1998, PHI.
5. Introduction to languages and the Theory of Computation by John C. Martin 2003, T.M.H.
CSE- 307 F
LTP
31-
Web Development
Class Work : 50 Marks
Exam : 100 Marks
Total : 150 Marks
Duration of Exam : 3 Hrs.
NOTE: For setting up the question paper, question no 1 will be set up from all the four sections which
will be compulsory and of short answer type. Two questions will be set from each of the four sections.
The students have to attempt first common question, which is compulsory, and one question from
each of the four sections. Thus students will have to attempt 5 questions out of 9 questions.
Section A
JAVA: Introduction to JAVA, Basics Data Types, Operators, Classes and Methods, Access
Specifiers, Arrays, Inheritance, Polymorphism, Threads, Package and Interfaces, Exception
Handling, IO Applets, Generics and Collections
Section B
Basic terms: WWW, XML, HTML, XHTML, W3C.
Descriptive markup: Meta tags for common tasks, semantic tags for aiding search, the doubling
code and RDF. Separating style from structure with style sheets: Internal style specifications within
HTML, External linked style specification using CSS, page and site design considerations.
Client side programming: Introduction to the JavaScript syntax, the JavaScript object model, Event
handling, Output in JavaScript, Forms handling, miscellaneous topics such as cookies, hidden
fields, and images; Applications.
Section C
Server side programming: Introduction to Server Side Technologies CGI/ASP/JSP., Programming
languages for server Side Scripting, Configuring the server to support CGI, its applications; Input
/output operations on the WWW. Forms processing, (using PERL / VBScript / JavaScript)
Section D
Other dynamic content Technologies: Introduction to ASP & JSP, Delivering multimedia over web
pages, The VRML idea, The Java phenomenon-applets and Servlets, issues and web development.
Introduction to Microsoft .NET Technology and its comparison with the competing Technologies
.
Text Books:
1. JAVA: The Complete Reference, Herbert Schildt.
2. Beginning XHTML by Frank Boumpery, Cassandra Greer, Dave Raggett, Jenny Raggett,
Sebastian Schnitzenbaumer & ted Wugofski, 2000, WROX press (Indian Shroff Publ. SPD)
1st edition
3. HTML & XHTML: The Definitive Guide by Chuck Musciano, Bill Kennedy, 2000, 4th
Edi.
Reference books:
1. XHTML Black Book by Steven Holzner, 2000
2. CGI Programming on the World Wide Web. O’Reilly Associates.
3. Web Technologies By Achyut S Godbole , Atul Kahate, 2003, T.M.H
4. Scott Guelich, Shishir Gundararam, Gunther Birzniek; CGI Programing with Perl 2/e
O’Reilly.
5. Doug Tidwell, James Snell, Pavel Kulchenko; Programming Web services, O’Reilly.
6. Intranets by James D.Cimino, 1997, Jaico Publ.
7. Internet and Web Technologies – Raj Kamal, 2002, T.M.H
IT-204 F
LTP
31-
Multimedia Technologies
Class Work : 50 Marks
Exam : 100 Marks
Total : 150 Marks
Duration of Exam : 3 Hrs.
NOTE: For setting up the question paper, question no 1 will be set up from all the four sections which
will be compulsory and of short answer type. Two questions will be set from each of the four sections.
The students have to attempt first common question, which is compulsory, and one question from
each of the four sections. Thus students will have to attempt 5 questions out of 9 questions.
Section-A
Basics of Multimedia Technology: Computers, communication and entertainment; multimedia an
introduction; framework for multimedia systems; multimedia devices; CD- Audio, CD-ROM, CD-
I, presentation devices and the user interface; multimedia presentation and authoring; professional
development tools; LANs and multimedia; internet, World Wide Web & multimedia distribution
network-ATM & ADSL; multimedia servers & databases; vector graphics; 3D graphics programs;
animation techniques; shading; anti aliasing; morphing; video on demand.
Section-B
Image Compression & Standards: Making still images; editing and capturing images; scanning
images; computer color models; color palettes; vector drawing; 3D drawing and rendering; JPEG-
objectives and architecture; JPEG-DCT encoding and quantization, JPEG statistical coding, JPEG
predictive lossless coding; JPEG performance; overview of other image file formats as GIF, TIFF,
BMP, PNG etc.
Section-C
Unit-3: Audio & Video: Digital representation of sound; time domain sampled representation;
method of encoding the analog signals; subband coding; fourier method; transmission of digital
sound; digital audio signal processing; stereophonic & quadraphonic signal processing; editing
sampled sound; MPEG Audio; audio compression & decompression; brief survey of speech
recognition and generation; audio synthesis; musical instrument digital interface; digital video and
image compression; MPEG motion video compression standard; DVI technology; time base media
representation and delivery.
Section-D
Virtual Reality: Applications of multimedia, intelligent multimedia system, desktop virtual reality,
VR operating system, virtual environment displays and orientation making; visually coupled
system requirements; intelligent VR software systems. Applications of environment in various
fields.
Text Books:
1. An introduction, Villamil & Molina, Multimedia Mc Milan, 1997
2. multimedia: Sound & Video, Lozano, 1997, PHI, (Que)
Reference Books:
1. Multimedia: Production, planning and delivery, Villamil & Molina,Que, 1997
2. Multimedia on the PC, Sinclair,BPB
3. Multimedia: Making it work, Tay Vaughan, fifth edition, 1994, TMH.
4. Multimedia in Action by James E Shuman, 1997, Wadsworth Publ.,
5. Multimedia in Practice by Jeff coate Judith, 1995,PHI.
6. Multimedia Systems by Koegel, AWL
7. Multimedia Making it Work by Vaughar, etl.
8. Multimedia Systems by John .F. Koegel, 2001, Buford.
9. Multimedia Communications by Halsall & Fred, 2001,AW.
CSE - 309 F
LTP
--2
Computer Graphics Lab.
Class Work : 25 Marks
Exam :25 Marks
Total :50 Marks
Duration of Exam : 3 Hrs.
List of programs to be developed
1. Write a program for 2D line drawing as Raster Graphics Display.
2. Write a program for circle drawing as Raster Graphics Display.
3. Write a program for polygon filling as Raster Graphics Display
4. Write a program for line clipping.
5. Write a program for polygon clipping.
6. Write a program for displaying 3D objects as 2D display using perspective transformation.
7. Write a program for rotation of a 3D object about arbitrary axis.
8. Write a program for Hidden surface removal from a 3D object.
Note : At least 5 to 10 more exercises to be given by the teacher concerned.
CSE – 311 F
Web Development & Core JAVA Lab.
LTP
--2
Class Work : 25 Marks
Exam : 25 Marks
Total : 50 Marks
Duration of Exam : 3 Hrs.
Java programs using classes & objects and various control constructs such as loops etc , and data
structures such as arrays , structures and functions.
Java programs for creating Applets for display of Images ,Texts and Animation
Programs related to interfaces & packages
Input output & Random files programs in java
Java programs using Event driven concept Programs related to Network Programming
Development of Web site for the college or newspaper agency.
Books recommended for Lab.
1. Java Elements – Principles of Programming in Java , Duane A. Bailey , Duane W. Bailey,
2000, T.M.H
2. The Java Handbook by Patrick Naughton, TMH, N.Delhi
IT- 208 F
LTP
--2
Multimedia Technologies Lab.
Class Work : 25 Marks
Exam : 25 Marks
Total : 50 Marks
Duration of Exam : 3 Hrs.
1. Write a program to justify a text entered by the user on both the left and right hand side. For
example, the test “ An architect may have a graphics program to draw an entire building but be
interested in only ground floor”, can be justified in 30 columns as shown below.
An architect may have a Graphics programs draw an Entric building but be interested in only
ground floor.
2. Study the notes of a piano and stimulate them using the key board and store them in a file.
3. Write a program to read a paragraph and store it to a file name suggested by the author.
4. Devise a routine to produce the animation effect of a square transforming to a triangle and then
to a circle.
5. Write a program to show a bitmap image on your computer screen.
6. Create a web page for a clothing company which contains all the details of that company and at-
least five links to other web pages.
7. Write a program by which we can split mpeg video into smaller pieces for the purpose of sending
it over the web or by small capacity floppy diskettes and then joining them at the destination.
8. Write a program to simulate the game of pool table.
9. Write a program to simulate the game Mine Sweeper.
10. Write a program to play “wave” or “midi” format sound files.
Note : At least 5 to 10 more exercises to be given by the teacher concerned
EE- 329 F
LTP
002
Microprocessors and Interfacing Lab.
Class Work : 25 Marks
Exam : 25 Marks
Total : 50 Marks
Duration of Exam : 3 Hrs.
List Of Experiments:
1. Study of 8085 Microprocessor kit.
2. Write a program using 8085 and verify for :
a. Addition of two 8-bit numbers.
b. Addition of two 8-bit numbers (with carry).
3. Write a program using 8085 and verify for :
a. 8-bit subtraction (display borrow)
b. 16-bit subtraction (display borrow)
4. Write a program using 8085 for multiplication of two 8- bit numbers by repeated
addition method. Check for minimum number of additions and test for typical data.
5. Write a program using 8085 for multiplication of two 8- bit numbers by bit rotation
method and verify.
6. Write a program using 8085 for division of two 8- bit numbers by repeated subtraction
method and test for typical data.
7. Write a program using 8085 for dividing two 8- bit numbers by bit rotation method and
test for typical data.
8.
Study of 8086 microprocessor kit
9. Write a program using 8086 for division of a defined double word (stored in a data
segment) by another double Word division and verify.
10. Write a program using 8086 for finding the square root of a given number and verify.
11. Write a program using 8086 for copying 12 bytes of data from source to destination and
verify.
12. Write a program using 8086 and verify for:
a. Finding the largest number from an array.
b. Finding the smallest number from an array.
13. Write a program using 8086 for arranging an array of numbers in descending order and
verify.
14. Write a program using 8086 for arranging an array of numbers in ascending order and
verify.
15. Write a program for finding square of a number using look-up table and verify.
.
16. Write a program to interface a two digit number using seven-segment LEDs. Use
8085/8086 microprocessor and 8255 PPI.
17. Write a program to control the operation of stepper motor using 8085/8086
microprocessor and 8255 PPI.
Note:
At least ten experiments have to be performed in the semester out of which seven experiments
should be performed from above list.
Remaining three experiments may either be performed from the above list or designed & set by the
concerned institution as per the scope of the syllabus of EE-309-C.
CSE - 313 F
LTP
--2
Operating Systems Lab.
Class Work : 25 Marks
Exam : 25 Marks
Total : 50 Marks
Duration of Exam : 3 Hrs.
1. Study of WINDOWS 2000 Operating System.
2. Administration of WINDOWS 2000 (including DNS,LDAP, Directory Services)
3. Study of LINUX Operating System (Linux kernel, shell, basic commands pipe & filter
commands)
4. Administration of LINUX Operating System.
5. Writing of Shell Scripts (Shell programming).
6. AWK programming.

Saturday 21 April 2012

HI FRIEND I ADDING HERE INTERNET FUNDIMENTAL  LAB PROGRAMTABLE OF CONTENTS
SNO
TOPIC
PAGE NO
SIGN
1.
Sending and receiving email
1
2.
Chatting on internet
4
3.
Design a webpage using HTML Tables
6
4.
Design a webpage using HTML form elements
12
5.
Design a webpage using HTML Anchor tag
14
6.
Design a webpage of your college website using HTML formatting tags, bgcolor/background, heading and paragraph tags
16
7.
Design a webpage using HTML font tag
18
8.
Design a webpage of subject introduction
19
9.
Design a webpage using HTML lists
20
10.
Design a webpage using HTML frames
22
11.
Design a webpage using HTML image tag
23
1 | P a g e
SENDING AND RECEIVING EMAIL
Email infiltrates many areas of the internet, which is one of the primary motivations for this topic at the beginning of this topic at beginning of this text.
Email is one of the most popular services available through the internet.
Sending and receiving mails
This section explains how to compose, forward, and reply-to emails. It also covers a number of options for customising some settings when emails are sent.
• Compose a New Email
• Sending Email
• Replying to an Email
• Forwarding an Email
• Saving a Draft Email
Compose a New Email
To compose a new email click on the Draft icon in the top left hand corner of the Mulberry window, or select File | New Message from the menu bar. A new window will open for you to compose a new email. Enter the addresses of the people you want to send the email to in the To field, and the subject of the email in the Subject field. If you wish to send copies of the email to anybody, enter their email addresses in the Cc field.
Sending Email
Once you have written your email, and are ready to send it you simply click on the Send button. By default Mulberry will save a copy of all emails you send in a folder called sent.
Replying to an Email
To reply to an email then first open the email, and then click on the Reply icon in the row of icons across the top of the screen. You may get a Reply To dialog as shown below:
Using this dialog you can select which email addresses you want to have in the To, Cc, and Bcc fields of your reply. You can also click on the Reply All button to send the reply all recipients of the original message.
2 | P a g e
Forwarding an Email
To forward an email then first open the email, and then click on the Forward icon in the row of icons across the top of the screen. You may get the Forward Message dialog as shown below
If you just select Quote Original then this should be fine for forwarding the email.
STRUCTURE OF E-MAIL
I. Header
 From
 Date
 To
 Subject
 Cc
II. Body
 Greeting
 Text
 Signature
III. Footer
 Send
 Save
 Cancel
IV. Attachments (optional)
Email Service Providers
Gmail (by Google Inc), YahooMail (by Yahoo Inc), Hotmail (by Microsoft Inc), etc.
3 | P a g e
Composing an email:
Receiving an email:
Replying to an email:
4 | P a g e
CHATTING ON INTERNET
A chat workspace is like any other standard workspace except that it only includes features for chatting, and ends when you close it.
You can start a new chat anywhere in Groove you see a list fo f contact names(for example the contacts panel in the Launchbar or the workspace members panel for a workspace). Right click one or more contact and select Invite to new chat. Invitations to the chat are sent immediately and the chat opens on your desktop.
If you want to invite people to chat whom you don’t have in a contact list, you can create a chat invitation and search directories for contacts:
1. Select option- New Chat… to open the send Chat Invitation dialog box.
2. Select option in the Invitation dialog box the same way you would for inviting people to a workspace.
3. Click Invite.
Using a chat workspace
The features in a chat are much the same as those for chatting in a workspace. There is one important exception: Alerts are not supported in a chat workspace.
Note that closing a chat ends your participation in it. If you want, you can save a chat as a workspace as described in the next section.
The Chat System contains the following components:
1. Chat Client
A chat client is used by users to chat with other users in a Chat Room. A user must first register with a particular Chat Room before chatting with other users in that room. Each message sent or received through a chat Client identifies the user who sent the text of the message. When finished chatting in a Chat Room, the user unregisters with the room. There can be multiple Chat Clients, each under the exclusive control of a single user: that is, multiple users cannot share a single Chat Client, although a single user may start up multiple Chat Clients(to be able to chat in multiple Chat Rooms simultaneously).
2. Chat Room
A Chat Room provides automated processing of messages sent from Chat Clients. It queries the Registration Data Base to ensure that the user associated with a message is currently registered to chat in the Room. If user is not registered the Chat Room returns an error message. If the user is registered the message is delivered to all other users registered in the room and a copy of message is field in a Chat Log associated with the Room. There are multiple Chat Room components available, each devoted to a different Chat topic.
5 | P a g e
3. Registration Database
The registration Database stores the set of currently registered users for each Chat Room and is able to remember which users are registered with which Chat Room. Users are identified in this database by their email address. Any person with a valid email address can registered for a chat room. Users remain registered until they unregister themselves via a chat client. There is one Registration Database in the system.
4. Chat Controller
A Chat Controller is used by administrative personnel to monitor all the message traffic in the Chat Rooms, and to unregister users who send inappropriate messages. There is one Chat Controller in the system.
5. Chat Log
The Chat Log stores a record of all messages sent in a Chat Room. There is one Chat Log associated with each Chat Room.
Some of the chat clients are:
Gtalk (by Gmail, Google Inc), Yahoo Messenger (by YahooMail, Yahoo Inc), etc
6 | P a g e
Designing a webpage using HTML Tables
<html>
<head><title>Marks</title></head>
<body>
<h1 align="center"><u>MARKSHEET OF STUDENTS OF B.TECH</u></h1>
<br>
<table border="1" align="center">
<tr>
<th>STUDENT'S ROLL NO.</th>
<th>STUDENT NAME</th>
<th>TOTAL MARKS</th>
<th>MARKS OBTAINED</th>
<th>GRADE</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MERI/CET/08-09/ME/01</td>
<td>ANKIT</td>
<td>1050</td>
<td>890</td>
<td>A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MERI/CET/08-09/ME/02</td>
<td>AARTI</td>
<td>1050</td>
<td>715</td>
<td>B</td>
</tr>
7 | P a g e
<tr>
<td>MERI/CET/08-09/ME/03</td>
<td>ANJALI</td>
<td>1050</td>
<td>960</td>
<td>A+</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MERI/CET/08-09/ME/04</td>
<td>ANJU</td>
<td>1050</td>
<td>676</td>
<td>C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MERI/CET/08-09/ME/05</td>
<td>SANDEEP</td>
<td>1050</td>
<td>789</td>
<td>B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MERI/CET/08-09/ME/06</td>
<td>PARDEEP</td>
<td>1050</td>
<td>685</td>
<td>B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
8 | P a g e
<td>MERI/CET/08-09/ME/07</td>
<td>SUGHANDA</td>
<td>1050</td>
<td>910</td>
<td>A+</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MERI/CET/08-09/ME/08</td>
<td>GARIMA</td>
<td>1050</td>
<td>919</td>
<td>A+</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MERI/CET/08-09/ME/09</td>
<td>SANGEETA</td>
<td>1050</td>
<td>869</td>
<td>A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MERI/CET/08-09/ME/10</td>
<td>DEEPIKA</td>
<td>1050</td>
<td>790</td>
<td>B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MERI/CET/08-09/ME/11</td>
9 | P a g e
<td>NITIN</td>
<td>1050</td>
<td>678</td>
<td>B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MERI/CET/08-09/ME/12</td>
<td>JITEN</td>
<td>1050</td>
<td>610</td>
<td>C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MERI/CET/08-09/ME/13</td>
<td>KUNAL</td>
<td>1050</td>
<td>849</td>
<td>A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MERI/CET/08-09/ME/14</td>
<td>ASHISH</td>
<td>1050</td>
<td>870</td>
<td>A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MERI/CET/08-09/ME/15</td>
<td>NIHARIKA</td>
10 | P a g e
<td>1050</td>
<td>767</td>
<td>B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MERI/CET/08-09/ME/16</td>
<td>MAHIP</td>
<td>1050</td>
<td>805</td>
<td>A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MERI/CET/08-09/ME/17</td>
<td>NAAREN</td>
<td>1050</td>
<td>900</td>
<td>A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MERI/CET/08-09/ME/18</td>
<td>ROHIT</td>
<td>1050</td>
<td>690</td>
<td>C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MERI/CET/08-09/ME/19</td>
<td>DEEPIKA</td>
<td>1050</td>
11 | P a g e
<td>843</td>
<td>A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MERI/CET/08-09/ME/20</td>
<td>SUMAN</td>
<td>1050</td>
<td>430</td>
<td>FAIL</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
12 | P a g e
Designing a webpage using HTML Form Elements
<html>
<head>
<title>FORM</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1 align="center"><b><i><font color="PURPLE" SIZE=20><U>SUBSCRIBER INFORMATION
</U></font></i></b></h1>
<FORM>
TYPE YOUR NAME:
<INPUT TYPE="TEXT" NAME="NS">
<P>TYPE YOUR E-MAIL:
<INPUT TYPE="TEXT" NAME="NS">
<P>COUNTRY:
<INPUT TYPE="TEXT" NAME="NS">
<P>ENTER THE PASSWORD:
<INPUT TYPE="PASSWORD" SIZE=5 MAXLENGTH=5>
<P>CONFIRM THE PASSWORD:
<INPUT TYPE="PASSWORD" SIZE=5 MAXLENGTH=5>
<P><B><I><FONT SIZE=5 COLOR="RED">WHERE DID YOU FIRST HEAR ABOUT IT:</FONT></I></B>
<BR><BR><INPUT TYPE="RADIO" NAME="NS" VALUE=" " CHECKED>ANOTHER WEB SITE.
<BR><BR><INPUT TYPE="RADIO" NAME="NS" VALUE=" ">MAGAZINE ARTICLE.
<BR><BR><INPUT TYPE="RADIO" NAME="NS" VALUE=" ">NEWS REPORT.
<BR><BR><INPUT TYPE="RADIO" NAME="NS" VALUE=" ">FRIEND OR CO-WORKER.<BR><BR><INPUT TYPE="RADIO" NAME="NS" VALUE=" ">ADVERTISEMENT.
<BR><BR><INPUT TYPE="RADIO" NAME="NS" VALUE=" ">AHPPENSTANCE.
<P><B><I><FONT SIZE=5 COLOR="GREY">PLEASE SELECT ANY OF THE FOLLOWING THAT INTEREST YOU:</FONT></I></B>
13 | P a g e
<BR><BR><INPUT TYPE="CHECKBOX" NAME="NS" VALUE=" " CHECKED>
NOTIFY YOU BY E-MAIL ABOUT OUR NEW PRODUCTS.
<BR><BR><INPUT TYPE="CHECKBOX" NAME="NS" VALUE=" ">
ADD YOUR NAME IN OUR PRINTED CATALOG MAILING LIST.
<BR><BR><INPUT TYPE="CHECKBOX" NAME="NS" VALUE=" ">
LIST YOUR NAME IN OUR PUBLIC REGISTRY OF SUBSCRIBERS.<BR>
<INPUT TYPE="submit" NAME="submit" VALUE="Submit">
<INPUT TYPE="reset" NAME="reset" VALUE="Reset">
</FORM>
</BODY></HTML>
14 | P a g e
Designing a webpage using HTML Anchor tag
<html>
<head><title>MERI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY</title></head>
<body>
<h1 align="center"><b><i><font SIZE=6 color="PURPLE"><U>HYPERLINKING IN HTML</U>
</font></i></b></h1>
<h1 align="center"><b><i><font color="BLUE">COURSES
</font></i></b></h1>
<OL TYPE="I">
<LI><A HREF="#PART1">ALL SUBJECTS</A></LI><br><br>
<LI><A HREF="#PART2">INTERNET</A></LI><br><br>
<LI><A HREF="C:/IF FILE/OOPS.HTML">OOPS WITH C++</A></LI><br><br>
<LI><A HREF="C:/IF FILE/DBMS.HTML">DBMS</A></LI><br><br></b>
</OL>
<A NAME="PART1">
<H1 ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT SIZE="10" COLOR="SAFRON"><U><B>COMPUTER SCIENCE</B></U></FONT></H1>
<p><b><font color="red"><br><br>
PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE-BY MRS. GEETA CHIKARA<BR><br>
DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM-BY MRS. GEETA CHIKARA<BR><br>
OOPS WITH C++-BY MRS. GEETA CHIKARA<BR><br>
INTERNET FUNDAMENTALS-BY MR. ANKIT DHAMIJA<BR><br>
THEORY OF AUTOMATA-BY MS. DEEPTI JAIN </b><br><br>
COMPUTER ARCIETECTURE-BY MS. DEEPTI JAIN </b><br><br>
</FONT>
<A NAME="PART2">
<H1 ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT SIZE="10" COLOR="GREEN"><U><B>INTERNET</B></U></FONT></H1>
<p><b><font color="red">
15 | P a g e
ELECTRONIC MAIL<BR><br>
BASIC FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS<BR><br>
WORLD WIDE WEB<BR><br>
LAGUAGES<BR><br></b>
</FONT></body></html>
16 | P a g e
Design a webpage of your college website using HTML formatting tags, bgcolor/background, heading and paragraph tags
<html>
<head><title> MERI- College Of Engineering And Technology </title></head>
<body>
<h1 align="center"><font color="blue"><U>MERI-College of Engineering & Technology</U></font></h1>
<h2><font color="red"><u> SOME INFORMATION ABOUT<br>MERI-CET</u></font></h2>
<p> <font color="purple"><br><br>
A COLLEGE HAVING EVERY FACILITIES <br>
& OPPORTUNITIES FOR AN ALL ROUND DEVELOPMENT <br><br>
THROUGH ITS VIBRANT ACADEMIC CO-CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES.<br><br>
IT OFFERS FOUR YEAR COURSE FOR CSE,ECE,EEE,IT<br><br>
IT IS FULLY EQUIPED WITH STATE OF ART TEACHING AIDS, <br><br>
COMPUTER LAB. WITH INTERNET FACILITIES,LIBRARY,WORKSHOP,<br><br>
GROUND,GARDEN,CANTEEN</font><br><br>
<h3><font color="green"> <u>COURSES OFFERED</u></font></h3>
<p><br><br><u>COMPUTER SCIENCE</u><br><br>
<a href="INT.html">INTERNET</A><br><br>
DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM<br><br>
<a href="OOPS.html">OOPS WITH C++</a><br><br><br><br>
THEORY OF AUTOMATA AND COMPUTATION<br><br>
COMPUTER ARCIETECTURE AND ORGANISATION<br><br>
PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE<br><br>
<h4><font color="brown"><u>CORRESPONDENCE TO COLLEGE</u></font>
<h4><p><br><br>THE COLLEGE IS LOCATED ADMIST LUSH GREEN SURROUNDING<br><br> IN SAMPLA,NEAR ASANDHA <br><br>CLOSE TO SAMPLA ROHTAK BY PASS.<br><br>
</body>
</html>
17 | P a g e
18 | P a g e
Designing a webpage using HTML Font tag
<html>
<head><title>INTERNET</title></head>
<body>
<center><h1><b><i><font color="PURPLE"><U><B>INTERNET FUNDAMENTAL(4th SEMESTER)</B></U></FONT></I></B></H1>
<h2><b><i><font color="BLUE"><U><B>TOPICS</B></U></font></i></b></h2>
<p><b><font color="red"><BR><BR>ELECTRONICS MAIL<BR><BR>
BASICS<BR><BR>
WORLD WIDE WEB<BR><BR>
LANGUAGES<BR><BR>
SERVERS<BR><BR>
HTML CODING<BR><BR>
PRIVACY AND SECURITY TOPICS<BR><BR>
</b></FONT>
</center>
</body>
</html>
19 | P a g e
Designing a webpage of subject introduction
<html>
<head><title>OOPS WITH C++</title></head>
<body>
<center><h1><b><i><font color="PURPLE"><U><B>OOPS WITH C++(4th SEMESTER)</B></U></FONT></I></B></H1>
<h2><b><i><font color="BLUE"><U><B>TOPICS</B></U>
</font></i></b></h2><p><b><font color="red"><BR><BR>
INTRODUCTION<BR><BR>
OO CONCEPTS<BR><BR>
CLASSES AND OBJECTS<BR><BR>
OPERATOR OVERLOADING<BR><BR>
INHERITANCE<BR><BR>
VIRTUAL FUNCTIONS AND POLYMORPHISM<BR><BR>
FILES AND I/O STREAM<BR><BR>
TEMPLATES AND EXCEPTION HANDLING<BR><BR>
</b></FONT></center>
</body>
</html>
20 | P a g e
Designing a webpage using HTML Lists
<html>
<head><title>lists</title></head>
<body>
<h1><u><font color="red">DATA STRUCTURE AND ALGORITHM</font></u></h1>
<h2><u><i><font color="blue">CONTENTS</font></i></u></h2>
<ol type="1"><li>DEFINATIONS</li>
<li>STACKS</li>
<li>QUEUES</li>
<li>LINKED LIST</li>
<li>TREES
<ol type="a">
<li>Binary tree</li>
<li>Binary search tree</li>
<li>Spanning Tree</li>
<li>B-tree</li>
</ol></li>
<li>GRAPHS
<ol type="a">
<li>Definitions</li>
<li>Need of graphs</li>
<li>Algorithm</li>
<ul type=" filledcircle">
<li>prim's algorithm</li>
<li>kluskral algorithm</li>
<li>warshalls algorithm</li>
</ul></li></li></ol>
</body></html>
21 | P a g e
22 | P a g e
Designing a webpage using HTML Frames
<html>
<head><title>MERI-CET</title></head>
<body>
<FRAMESET COLS="50%,50%">
<FRAME SRC="http://google.com/" SCROLLING="YES">
<FRAME SRC="http://gmail.com/" SCROLLING="YES">
</FRAMESET>
<h1 align="center"><font color="blue">REPRESENTATION OF FRAMES</font></h1>
<A HREF="MAINPROG.htm" TARGETS="MAINFRAME">MAIN PROGRAM</A>
<A HREF="LINKING.htm" TARGETS="MAINFRAME">LINKING</A>
</BODY>
</HTML>
23 | P a g e
Designing a webpage using HTML image tag
<html>
<head>
<title>IMAGES</title>
</head>
<body>
<table border="0">
<tr>
<td><img src="Mountain.jpg" height="300" width="300" align="left" alt="mountain"><td>
<td><img src="Grass.jpg" height="300" width="300" align="left" alt="winter"></td>
</tr>
</body>
</html>
HI FRIENDS I AM ADDING HERE 11 PROGRAM OF OOPS IN C++
ALL PROGRAM OF C++TABLE OF CONTENTS




SNO
PROGRAM NAME
PAGE NO
SIGN

1.
Program to find sum, multiplication, subtraction and division of two numbers

1


2.
Program to find the complete no. by area exchange and number of a customer

4


3.
Program to illustrate the concept of this pointer

6


4.
Program to implement simple constructor

8


5.
Program to implement default constructor

10


6.
Program to implement friend function

12


7.
Program for binary operator overloading using friend function

14


8.
Program to overload unary (-) operator

16


9.
Program for a simple constructor

18


10.
Program to find transpose of a matrix using the concept of classes

20


11.
Program to implement destructor which destruct the objects one by one

22


1. Program to find sum ,multiplication,subtraction and division of two numbers.



#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<process.h>
int main()
{
clrscr();
int a,b,s,m,d,r,ch,e;
char choice;
do
{
cout<<"1. ADDITION \n \n";
cout<<"2. SUBTRACTION \n \n"; cout<<"3. MULTIPLICATION \n \n"; cout<<"4. DIVISION \n \n"; cout<<"Enter Your Choice :";
cin>>ch;
switch(ch)
{
case 1:
cout<<"Enter The Value Of First Variable";
cin>>a;
cout<<"Enter The Value Of Second Variable";
cin>>b;
r=a+b;
cout<<"Result After Addition="<<r<<endl;
break;
case 2:
cout<<"Enter The Value Of First Variable";
cin>>a;
cout<<"Enter The Value Of Second Variable";
cin>>b;
s=a-b;
cout<<"Result After Subtraction="<<s<<endl;
break;
case 3:
cout<<"Enter The Value Of First Variable";
cin>>a;
cout<<"Enter The Value Of Second Variable";
cin>>b;
m=a*b;
cout<<"Result After Multiplication="<<m<<endl;
break;
case 4:


1 | P ag e

cout<<"Enter The Value Of Dividend";
cin>>a;
cout<<"Enter The Value Of Divisor";
cin>>b;
d=(a/b);
e=a%b;
cout<<"Result After Division \n \n"<<"Quotient=" <<d<<"\t"<<"Remainder="<<e<<endl;
break;
default:
cout<<"Wrong Choice Entered \n";
}
cout<<"Do Another(Y/N) ? \n";
cin>>choice;
}
while((choice=='Y')||(choice=='y'));
getch();
}










































2 | P ag e



















3 | P ag e

2. Program to find the complete no. by area exchange and number of a customer.



#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<process.h>
struct phone
{
int area,xchange,number;
}a,b;
int main()
{
clrscr(); a.area=505; a.xchange=989; a.number=7806;
cout<<"Enter the Area Code, Exchange and Number \n";
cin>>b.area;
cin>>b.xchange;
cin>>b.number;
cout<<"My number is \t"<<a.area<<"-"<<a.xchange<<"-"<<a.number<<"\n"; cout<<"your number is \t"<<b.area<<"-"<<b.xchange<<"-"<<b.number<<"\n"; getch();
}
































4 | P ag e
























5 | P ag e

3.Program to illustrate the concept of this pointer.



#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class k
{ int x; public: k()
{ }
k(int a)
{ x=a;
}
k &show()
{  return *this;
}
void display()
{ cout<<x;
} };
void main()
{ clrscr(); k l,l1(60); l=l1.show(); l.display(); getch();
}






























6 | P ag e





























7 | P ag e

4. Write a program to implement simple constructor.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class multiply
{
int a,b,c; public: multiply()
{ a=0;
b=0;
c=0;
}
void input();
int mul();
void output();
};
void multiply::input()
{
cout<<"\nEnter the value of A:";
cin>>a;
cout<<"\nEnter the value of B:";
cin>>b;
}
int multiply::mul()
{
cout<<"\nMultiplying A and B:";
c=a*b;
return c;
}
void multiply::output()
{
cout<<"\nThe value of c after multiplication of A and B is :";
cout<<c;
}
void main()
{
clrscr();
cout<<"\n\nINPUT THE DATA";
m.input();
cout<<"\n\nMULTIPLICATION OF DATA:";
m.mul();
cout<<"\n\nOUTPUT OF DATA:";
m.output();
getch();
}


8 | P ag e


















9 | P ag e

5.Write a program to inplement default constructor.



#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class mobile
{
int no;
float price; public: mobile();
void getdata();
};
mobile::mobile()
{
cout<<"ENTER NO";
cin>>no;
cout<<"ENTER PRICE";
cin>>price;
}
void mobile::getdata()
{
cout<<"NO IS = "<<no<<endl;
cout<<"PRICE IS = "<<price<<endl;
}
void main()
{ clrscr(); mobile m; m.getdata(); getch();
}





















10 | P ag e



















11 | P ag e

6.Write a program to implement friend function.



#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class abc;
class pqr
{
int p;
public:
void input(int k)
{
p=k;
}
friend int large(pqr,abc);
};
class abc
{
int d;
public:
void getdata(int s)
{
d=s;
}
friend int large(pqr,abc);
};
large(pqr l,abc b)
{
if(l.p>b.d)
cout<<"\n\nTHE PROGRAM IS CORRECT\n"<<l.p<<"is greater than "<<b.d;
else
cout<<"\n\n THE FUNCTION IS INCORRECT";
return 0;
}
void main()
{       clrscr();
pqr x; x.input(500); abc y; y.getdata(200); large(x,y); getch();
}






12 | P ag e




















13 | P ag e

7.Write a program for binary operator overloading using friend function.



#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class complex
{
float real,imag;
public:
complex()
{ real=0; imag=0;
}
complex(float r,float i)
{
real=r;
imag=i;
}
friend complex operator-(complex l,complex k)
{
complex d;
d.real=l.real-k.real; d.imag=l.imag-k.imag; return d;
}
void display()
{
cout<<"\nthe result is\n\t\t"<<real<<"+iota("<<imag<<")";
}
};
void main()
{clrscr();
complex c1(21.2,44.3);
complex c2(14.3,51.4); complex c3; c3=operator-(c1,c2); c3.display();
getch();
}










14 | P ag e


















15 | P ag e

8.Program to overload unary (-) operator.



#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class ips
{
int a,b,c;
public:
void enter(int p,int q,int r)
{ a=p; b=q; c=r;
}
void operator-()
{
a=-a;
b=-b;
c=-c;
}
void test()
{ cout<<a<<endl; cout<<b<<endl; cout<<c<<endl;
}
};
void main()
{
clrscr(); ips s; s.enter(50,70,90); s.test();
-s; s.test(); getch();
}













16 | P ag e




































17 | P ag e

9.Program for a simple constructor.



#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class XYZ
{
int a,b;
clrscr(); public: XYZ()
{
a=0;
b=0;
}
void show();
};
void XYZ::show()
{
cout<<"Value of a is "<<a<<endl;
cout<<"Value of b is "<<b<<endl;
}
void main()
{
clrscr(); XYZ z1; z1.show(); getch();
}


























18 | P ag e





























19 | P ag e

10. Program to find transpose of a matrix using the concept of classes.



#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class matrix
{
int m,n,i,j;
int a[5][5];
public:
void input();
void output();
};
void matrix::input()
{
cout<<"enter the order of a matrix"<<endl;
cin>>m>>n;
cout<<"enter the elements of a matrix whose transpose is to be calculated"<<endl;
for(i=0;i<m;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{
cin>>a[i][j];
}
}
}
void matrix::output()
{
cout<<"transpose is\n" ;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<m;j++)
{
cout<<a[j][i]<<"\t";
}
cout<<"\n";
}
}
void main()
{
clrscr(); matrix a; a.input(); a.output(); getch();
}


20 | P ag e

























21 | P ag e

11.Program to implement destructor which destruct the objects one by one.



#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
int a=0;
class dest
{
public:
dest()
{
cout<<"\nthe no. of object created="<<++a;
}
~dest()
{
cout<<"\nthe no. of object ruined="<<a--;
}
};
void main()
{
clrscr();
dest a,b;
{
dest c;
}
dest d;
getch();
}



























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23 | P ag e